Van tegniek tot ampstaal: Die opkoms van Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal as 12de amptelike taal van Suid-Afrika

Theodorus du Plessis

doi:10.64449/9781997468875

Van tegniek tot ampstaal: Die opkoms van Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal as 12de amptelike taal van Suid-Afrika

Hierdie monografie bied ’n indringende blik op die unieke taalbeplanningsverhaal van Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal (SAGT). Dit dokumenteer die dinamiese interaksie tussen vasberade Dowe veldtogvoerders, besluitnemers en ander rolspelers en komplekse wetgewende prosesse . Die skrywer neem die leser op ’n reis vanaf die eerste deurbrake in die Suid-Afrikaanse Skolewet van 1996 tot by die uiteindelike volle verampteliking, te midde van ’n konteks van "Verengelsingstirannie" en die stryd van minderheidstale.

Wat hierdie werk bied:

• ’n Kritiese ontleding van hoe taalbeplanning van bowe-na-benede dikwels misluk, en waarom vindingryke "van benede-na-bowe" oplossings nodig is.

• Historiese dokumentasie omtrent ’n ryk skatkis van argiefmateriaal, notules en koerantknipsels wat die veramptelikingsproses in fyn besonderhede skets.

• Insig in die Dowe gemeenskap as ’n huldeblyk aan die verbetenheid van taalaktiviste wat, ten spyte van vele uitdagings, die "wa deur die drif gesleep het."

Van Tegniek tot Amptelike Taal is meer as net ’n verslag van statusverhoging; dit is ’n noodsaaklike besinning oor die toekoms van taalbestuur in Suid-Afrika. Dit daag beleidmakers en die publiek uit om verby die wetlike teks te kyk na die werklike implementering van regte vir die land se mees geminoritiseerde taalgemeenskappe.

On Wednesday, 19 July 2023, the President of South Africa signed the 18th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2023, which declares South African Sign Language (SASL) as a 12th official language. The Act, which will be promulgated at a future date to be determined by the President, represents the culmination of a relatively successful sign language campaign that can be traced back to the birth of the "new", post-apartheid, South Africa in 1994. The Deaf lobby and policymakers alike have trumpeted the symbolic value of this step but have conspicuously avoided references to its functional implications. Participants at a recent SASL Indaba in February 2024 were therefore shocked to learn that the government is not yet ready to implement the amendment act as it is cautious in avoiding a repeat of the failure to elevate and expand the status and use of the historically marginalized indigenous languages of South Africa. This has raised questions about the feasibility of a 12th official language and its implications for the sign language community. Is officialization the best option?

This monograph aims to critically investigate the emergence of SASL as an official language from a language planning perspective. This will be done by studying a series of concrete legal milestones with regard to language status and language acquisition planning for SASL that have been recorded since 1994. Among the key findings that emerge from this is that thanks to this range of impressive legal interventions, by 2014 SASL already enjoyed the same de jure and de facto status as the other 11 official languages; officialization in 2023 did not substantially change this situation. One of the key problems emerging from this analysis can be summarized in a single word: non-implementation. The study suggests that sign language campaigners will need to devise new strategies to help ensure the functional use of SASL and should be realistic about what official language status in South Africa entails.

Authors:

Theodorus du Plessis

University of the Free State

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-4842

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.64449/9781997468875

Chapters

Voorwoord
Inleiding
Die gebaretaalgemeenskap, gebaretale en Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal
Taalbeleid en -beplanning vir, en regserkenning van gebaretale
Suid-Afrika se pre-1994 taalbeleidskonteks
Eerste poging tot verampteliking – ŉ onverwagse maar gemengde sukses (1993-1996)
Die tussenperiode: verdere erkenning sonder wesenlike resultate (1997-2006)
Tweede poging tot verampteliking – ŉ moeisame dog relatief suksesvolle proses (2007-2023)
Taalbeplanning vir SAGT in oënskou
Ten besluite en vooruitskouend

Author Biography

Theodorus du Plessis, University of the Free State

Prof. Theo du Plessis is Professor Emeritus in Language Management in the Department of South African Sign Language & Deaf Studies at the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein. He is founder of the Unit for Language Facilitation and Empowerment at Free State University in 1992, a unit responsible for establishing the first interpreting laboratory and post-graduate qualifications in interpreting in South Africa, the first post-graduate qualification in language management and the first university programme in South African Sign Language. Prof Du Plessis is an NRF-accredited researcher and editor of the Van Schaik series, Studies in Language Policy in South Africa and SUN Media series Language Monitor/Language Monitor. He serves on the editorial boards of various international journals, among them the prestigious Springer journal Language Policy. He served four terms as Associate Editor of Language Matters (UNISA/Routledge). Prof Du Plessis was a member of the first Pan South African Language Board (1996-2001) and also served on Langtag. He is a member of the Académie internationale de droit linguistique/International Academy of Linguistic Law and of the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns. In 2015 Prof Du Plessis was honoured for his scholarly efforts by means of a Festschrift published as a special issue of the journal Language Matters. Prof. Du Plessis is married to Dr Colleen du Plessis, an expert in language assessment and language teaching and together the two are parents to Jean-Pierre (IT Programmer) and Ariella (Architect).

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